A one-sided, low-fiber diet can sustainably damage the gut microbiota (formerly: gut flora) and promote an imbalance. This imbalance can contribute to the development of various diseases.
Many diseases of the human digestive tract are now associated with disturbances of the gut microbiota. Not only is irritable bowel syndrome with bloating and diffuse abdominal pain often accompanied by changes in the microbiota, but so-called lifestyle diseases such as allergies or food intolerances are also linked.
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Change in Diversity
The Western diet, high in processed, sugary, and low-fiber foods, is considered a major factor in the decline of gut bacterial diversity. Studies show that a low-fiber diet significantly reduces both the diversity and number of gut microorganisms. This effect has already been demonstrated in animal studies.
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Why Fiber?
Dietary fibers are indigestible components of food and are mainly found in whole grains and plant-based foods. During digestion, they are fermented by gut bacteria and serve as an important food source for "good" microorganisms. This allows them to multiply and support health-promoting processes. At the same time, the gut barrier is strengthened, inflammation can be reduced, and digestion is promoted.
Conclusion
A long-term one-sided diet can sustainably disrupt the balance of gut microorganisms. In this case, inflammation-promoting or pathogenic bacteria can multiply and encourage unfavorable processes.
A varied, fiber- and vitamin-rich diet combined with regular physical activity can make an important contribution to maintaining a healthy gut microbiota.
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Sources
- Sonnenburg E. D., Smits S. A. et al. (2016): Diet-induced extinctions in the gut microbiota compound over generations, Nature
- Mack I. (2022): Microbiome and inflammation in obesity, Springer Link
